There should also be a minimum unit price on alcohol, according to a study backed by the British Medical Association (BMA).
The idea is to stop young people from ever starting to smoke - and the move could create the first 'smoke free generation', medics said.
Anyone born after 2000 should be banned from smoking, leading doctors have said
Alcohol, smoking and poor childhood diets are among public health issues that should be targeted by the next government, the doctors have said.
They were included in the union's manifesto on the areas medics believe should be made a priority after next year's general election.
In June doctors at the BMA's annual representative meeting voted 'overwhelmingly' in favour of a motion calling for the union to campaign to "'ban forever the sale of cigarettes to any individual born after the year 2000'.
Presenting the motion Dr Tim Crocker-Buque said: 'The level of harm caused by smoking is unconscionable.
'Smoking is a choice made by adolescents that results in an adulthood of addiction and an early death.
'By banning the sale of cigarettes to people born after 2000, we begin to create the first tobacco free generation.'
The BMA, which represents more than 153,000 doctors and students from all branches of medicine, also claimed 'creeping privatisation' needs to be reversed.
It said it has identified four key steps needed to 'deliver high quality patient care in the face of rising demand and unprecedented funding challenges'.
Among the measures suggested to improve public health was 'decisive action to reduce the affordability and availability of alcohol'.
The manifesto added: 'As a first step, a minimum unit price of no less than 50p should be introduced.'
It also called for moves to ensure the UK 'remains a world leader on tobacco control', citing a possible ban on the sale of cigarettes to any person born after the year 2000.
Such a measure could create the first 'smoke free generation', they said.
The BMA is also urging the next government to 'recognise the lifelong burden of physical inactivity and poor diets on children and young people by curbing the promotion and availability of unhealthy foods' as well as providing 'sufficient opportunities for sport and exercise'.
The BMA, which represents more than 153,000 doctors and students from all branches of medicine, also claimed 'creeping privatisation' needs to be reversed.
Dr Mark Porter, chair of the BMA Council, claimed 'creeping privatisation' needs to be reversed.
He said: 'The quality of patient care and the enormous challenges facing the NHS will be key issues at the heart of next year's general election.
The proposed move would 'ban forever the sale of cigarettes to any individual born after the year 2000'. Eighty per cent of smokers start as teenagers as a result of intense peer pressure
'Politicians need to work more closely with doctors and other health professionals to ensure the future of the health service.
'Doctors care for patients day in day out, we see their concerns and frustrations at first hand.
'Our manifesto outlines what doctors believe is needed to ensure the NHS continues to deliver a world-class health service both in terms of excellent care and value for money.
'Doctors want an NHS that prioritises patient care above all.
'To do this, services need to be properly funded and we need to reverse the creeping privatisation that has taken place under successive governments and compromises the quality of patient care.'
The NHS is facing a '£30bn black hole in funding, while demand on services has never been greater while demand on services has never been greater', he said.
Dr Porter added: 'Our GP surgeries are full, waiting lists are at a six year high, a quarter of hospital trusts are in the red - securing the future of the NHS must be at the top of the next government's agenda.'
The BMA represents more than 153,000 doctors and students from all branches of medicine.
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